Question
Using suitable diagrams, discuss the mutual solubilities of components of the
following liquid pairs which have
(5)
(a) lower critical solution temperature,
(b) upper critical solution temperature, and
(c) both upper and lower critical solution temperatures.
Answer :
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(a) Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) In some partially miscible liquid pairs, miscibility decreases with an increase in temperature, and complete miscibility occurs only below a certain temperature called LCST. Above this temperature, phase separation occurs due to increased molecular motion overcoming intermolecular attraction. *Example:* Triethylamine–water system. Diagram: ``` Temperature ↑ | | Two phases |
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