Define 'Environment Management System’ and 'Environmental Impact Assessment' (EIA). Describe the need, principles, tools, techniques, and process of EIA.
Environmental management system (EMS) refers to the management of an organization's environmental programs in a comprehensive, systematic, planned and documented manner. It includes the organizational structure, planning and resources for developing, implementing and maintaining policy for environmental protection.
More formally, EMS is "a system and database which integrates procedures and processes for training of personnel, monitoring, summarizing, and reporting of specialized environmental performance information to internal and external stakeholders of a firm".
The most widely used standard on which an EMS is based is International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14001. Alternatives include the EMAS.
An environmental management information system (EMIS) is an information technology solution for tracking environmental data for a company as part of their overall environmental management system.
Environmental assessment (EA) is the assessment of the environmental consequences (positive and negative) of a plan, policy, program, or actual projects prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action. In this context, the term "environmental impact assessment" (EIA) is usually used when applied to actual projects by individuals or companies and the term "strategic environmental assessment" (SEA) applies to policies, plans and programmes most often proposed by organs of state. Environmental assessments may be governed by rules of administrative procedure regarding public participation and documentation of decision making, and may be subject to judicial review.
The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision makers consider the environmental impacts when deciding whether or not to proceed with a project. The International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) defines an environmental impact assessment as "the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social, and other relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions being taken and commitments made" EIAs are unique in that they do not require adherence to a predetermined environmental outcome, but rather they require decision makers to account for environmental values in their decisions and to justify those decisions in light of detailed environmental studies and public comments
___ ______ __________ __________ ______ _________.
__________ ________ _____ _________ ___ _______ _______ ___ _________ ____ __________ __________.
___ __________ ________ ________ _______ ________ ________ ___ ___ ________.
______ _______ ________ _________ ________ ____ _____.
_____ ____ _______ ______ __________ ____ _______ _____.
________ __________ _______ __________ ______ ____ _______.
____ _________ __________ ____ ______.
________ _______ ________ ______ _________ __________ ______.
______ ________ ____ _____ __________ ______ ___ __________ ___ _______ ______.
___ ____ ___ _________ ______.
_________ ________ ____ _____ ________ ________ _____.
____ _________ ___ ___ ________ _________ ___ ____ _________ _____ _________ __________.
___ ___ ____ _____ __________ ___ _______ _______ _____ ___.
______ _________ _______ _______ __________ ______ __________ ______ _______ ________ __________.
_____ _______ ______ ________ __________ ___ __________ ________ __________.
_____ ____ _________ _______ __________ ________ ______ _______ _______.
______ ______ ____ ______ _______ ______ ______.
________ ____ _________ _________ __________ _________ __________.
___ _______ ________ _____ ______ _____ ______ __________ ________ ________.
________ ______ _____ _______ ___ ________.
_____ ____ _______ _________ ______ _____ ___ ________ ____.
___ ___ _____ _________ ____ __________ ________ _____ _________ _______ _______.
______ ______ _____ ________ ____ ______.
___ _______ _____ ____ ________ ___.
_________ _______ ______ ______ _____ _____ ____ ____ ________ _________ _________.
_____ ___ ______ _____ __________ _______ _____ _____.
__________ _____ _____ ______ __________ ______.
______ ______ _______ ____ ____ __________ ___ ___.
_______ ____ _________ ______ __________ _____ _________ __________ _____ ________ _______.
___ _________ __________ ________ ________ _______ _______ _____ __________.
___ __________ _________ _____ ______.
____ ___ _________ ____ __________ _______ ______ _______ _______.
________ ___ ________ ____ ___ _______.
__________ _________ ______ __________ ____ ______ ____ __________ ____ __________.
__________ ________ _______ _____ ________ _________ ___.
____ ________ ________ ___ ___ __________ __________.
______ _______ ___ _____ _____ _______ _____ _____ _______.
____ ______ ___ ____ ________ ___.
________ _______ __________ _______ ___ ______ _______ ________ ____ _______ _____.
________ _____ ______ __________ _____ ____ _______ ______ _______ ___ ____.
__________ ______ _________ ______ ________ _____ _______ _____ ____ ________.
__________ ___ _________ ___ _______.
___ ___ _____ ___ ____ ______ ______ ______ _______.
________ ___ ____ __________ ____ _________.
_____ _________ _________ ____ __________ ______ ____ ______ ______ _________.
____ _____ _____ _____ __________.
______ ___ _____ ____ ____ _____ _________.
_________ ___ __________ ___ _______ ________ ________ ____ _________ _____.
__________ ___ _____ _______ __________ ____.
_____ ____ ____ __________ _______ ____ _________ _____ _________ ______.
___ ____ ____ _____ ___ ______ _____ _________ _______ _______ ____ ________.
_________ __________ ______ __________ _________ ____ ___ _____.
___ ___ ________ ________ _________ ______ ___ _____.
_______ _____ ______ ______ _________ ___ ___ _____ ________.
__________ ___ _________ _________ _______ ___ _____ _________ ____ ___.
___ ________ ____ ________ ___ ___ ____ _________ _______ _____.
___ ________ _______ __________ ___ _________ ___ ___.
___ __________ _________ ______ __________ _________ ____ _____.
__________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ __________.
________ ____ ______ _________ ______ ___ _________ ______ _________ ______ ______.
_____ ___ _________ _______ _________ ____ ____.
_________ __________ _______ ______ _________ ____ ___ _______ _________ ________.
___ ________ ________ __________ _____ _________ ____ ______ ____ _____.
_______ ______ ______ __________ _______ _____.
__________ _______ _______ ________ _____ ________ __________ _____.
_____ ________ ______ _______ __________.
_____ ______ _________ _____ _______ ______ ______.
_____ _____ ____ ________ ___ ______ ____ ________ _______.
_________ ___ ____ __________ _________ ____ __________.
____ _____ ____ _______ __________ _______ _______ _______ ___ _____ __________ ________.
_______ ________ _____ ________ ________.
__________ ________ _________ _________ _______.
___ ______ _____ _______ ______.
_________ _______ _____ ________ __________ ____.
_______ __________ _________ ____ __________ ___.
__________ ________ _________ _____ _______ _____ _________ ____ __________ ____ _________.
_________ ________ ________ __________ _____ ________ ___ _____ _______ _____ __________.
_____ _____ _________ ________ _________ ___ ____ __________ __________ __________ _________ ___.
___ ______ ________ __________ ____ ________ _______.
____ ________ ____ ________ ______ __________ ________ ____.
___ ________ ___ ____ _________ ___ ____ ______ ________ __________ ___ _____.
_____ _____ ___ ___ ____ ______.
__________ _____ ______ _____ ________.
________ __________ ________ _________ _________.
_____ ______ _______ __________ ______ ______ ________ ___ ___ ___.
_______ _____ __________ ____ ______ ____ _________ ________ _____ __________ _______ _____.
__________ ______ __________ __________ _________ ________.
_______ ______ ________ ________ _____ __________ ____ ___ ______ ___ ______ _______.
______ ___ _____ _______ __________ _____ _____.
____ ____ ________ _____ _______ ___ _______.
_________ _______ ________ ___ _________ _________ __________ ____ ________.
________ _______ ______ ______ _________ ___ ________ ________ __________ ___.
_____ __________ _____ _____ _______ ____.
_____ _________ ___ ________ ___ ______ _______ _________ _______ ___ _____ __________.
_______ ____ _________ ___ _____ __________ __________ _______ __________ _____ _________.
_____ __________ ___ _________ _________ ___ __________.
____ ______ __________ _________ ___ ____ _______ ____ ___.
_________ ____ _________ ___ __________ ____ ___ ___ ____ _________.
__________ ___ ____ ____ ___ ________ __________.
________ _________ ____ ______ ___.
__________ ___ _____ __________ ______ ___ _______ ____ _______ _________ _________ __________.
______ ______ _________ _________ __________ __________ ____ _________ __________ _______ ____ ___.
______ _______ ________ __________ __________ __________ _____ _________ _______ ____ ______ ________.
_______ ________ ____ ___ ___.
____ ____ ___ ______ ______ ______ ________ ________ _______ ________ ____.
____ __________ __________ ___ ________ _____ ______ _____ _______.
________ ________ ______ ________ __________ __________ _________ ________.
_____ _____ ______ _______ _____ ________.
_____ _______ ______ ________ _________ ________ __________ __________ ______ ___.
_______ ____ ____ ____ __________ ______ _______ __________ ___ _________.
_______ __________ ______ ____ __________ _________.
____ ______ ___ ____ _____ ______ ___.
_______ ____ _______ _______ __________ __________ ______ _____ ___ __________ ______ _____.
______ ______ ____ __________ _______ _____ ______ _________.
_______ __________ ____ ________ ___ __________ ___ _________ ____ __________ __________.
___ _____ ________ __________ _________ ____ _________ _____ __________ __________ _________ ________.
_______ _____ _________ _______ _____ ______ _____ _____ ____.
____ _____ ______ ______ ___ ______ ______ __________ _____ _____.
______ ________ _______ ____ _________ _____ _________ __________ _____ _________.
________ __________ ______ ___ ____ ___ ____ ______ ______.
_________ ___ ___ _________ _____ ____ _________ _________.
______ ___ _____.
- Solved Assignments
- Study Notes
- Guess Papers
- Question Papers
✓ Unlock up to 60% of the answer
✓ No payment required