species dominance - Ecological dominance is the degree to which a taxon is more numerous than its competitors in an ecological community, or makes up more of the biomass. Most ecological communities are defined by their dominant species.

In many examples of wet woodland in western Europe, the dominant tree is alder (Alnus glutinosa).

In temperate bogs, the dominant vegetation is usually species of Sphagnum moss.

Tidal swamps in the tropics are usually dominated by species of mangrove (Rhizophoraceae)

Some sea floor communities are dominated by brittle stars.

Exposed rocky shorelines are dominated by sessile organisms such as barnacles and limpets.

Species diversity – Species diversity is a measure of the diversity within an ecological community that incorporates both species richness and the evenness of species' abundances. Species diversity is one component of the concept of biodiversity.

Species abundance- Species abundance is the number of individuals per species, and relative abundance refers to the evenness of distribution of individuals among species in a community.

Species interact in various ways:competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, commensalism, etc. The organization of a biological community with respect to ecological interactions is referred to as community structure.

Competition

Species can compete with each other for finite resources. It is considered to be