Global supply chains are highly interconnected networks involving suppliers, manufacturers, logistics providers, warehouses, retailers, and customers across multiple countries. While globalization has increased efficiency and reduced costs for retailers, it has also exposed supply chains to various risks and uncertainties. Global supply chain risks refer to unexpected events or disruptions that negatively affect the movement of goods, information, and finances across the supply chain network. These risks can arise from natural disasters, geopolitical tensions, pandemics, trade restrictions, cyberattacks, transportation bottlenecks, labor strikes, and fluctuating market conditions. The impact of global supply chain risks on retailers is significant. One major impact is product shortages and stockouts. When suppliers fail to deliver raw materials or finished products on time due to disruptions, retailers may not be able to maintain inventory levels. This directly affects customer satisfaction and sales revenue. For example, shipping lane blockages such as the Suez Canal incident disrupted global cargo movement and delayed product deliveries worldwide. Another impact is increased operational costs. Disruptions often lead to higher transportation expenses, emergency sourcing costs, warehousing charges, and insurance costs. Retailers may have to shift from sea transport to expensive air freight to maintain product availability. Trade wars and tariff increases also increase import costs, affecting pricing and profitability. Global supply chain risks also damage retailer reputation and customer trust. In the modern