Question
Discuss the role of Samanya in Vaiśeşika Metaphysics.
Answer :
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In Vaiśeṣika metaphysics, Sāmānya occupies an important position because it explains the common features shared by different individual objects. The Vaiśeṣika school is a pluralistic and realistic system which accepts that the world consists of many distinct substances, qualities and actions. At the same time, it recognizes that individuals belonging to the same class possess certain common characteristics. Sāmānya, or universality, provides the metaphysical basis for this commonality and for the classification of objects. Sāmānya is defined as that which is eternal and present in many individuals. For example, “cowness” is present in all individual cows. Although individual cows are different from one another in size, colour, age and other qualities, they possess a common universal, namely cowness. Similarly, pot-ness, humanity and substance-hood
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