Question
Discuss the role of microorganisms in fermentation.
Answer :
Word Count : 268
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Microorganisms play a central role in fermentation by carrying out biochemical transformations that convert organic substrates, mainly carbohydrates, into simpler compounds such as acids, alcohols, gases, and other metabolites. Fermentation occurs under anaerobic or low-oxygen conditions and is driven primarily by bacteria, yeasts, and some molds. These microorganisms obtain energy for growth and survival through enzymatic reactions that break down sugars and other nutrients. Yeasts, especially species of Saccharomyces, are crucial in alcoholic fermentation. They convert glucose and other sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide through
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