Healthcare waste, if not properly managed, poses a significant risk to human health and the environment. Healthcare facilities such as hospitals, clinics, and laboratories generate various types of waste that contain biological, chemical, and radioactive materials. Improper disposal and management of healthcare waste can result in exposure to harmful pathogens, toxic substances, and physical hazards, ultimately leading to diseases, infections, and environmental contamination. One of the most direct ways in which healthcare waste affects human health is through the spread of infectious diseases. Healthcare waste is often contaminated with blood, bodily fluids, and other infectious materials, making it a potential source of transmission for diseases such as HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B and C, tuberculosis, and various bacterial infections. For example, used syringes, needles, and other sharps pose a particular danger, as they can transmit bloodborne pathogens if not disposed of safely. Healthcare workers are especially at risk when handling waste contaminated with pathogens, but improper waste disposal can also expose the general public and waste handlers to these risks. Accidental needle-stick injuries or contact with contaminated surfaces can lead