Rational Emotive Theory, developed by Albert Ellis, is one of the earliest and most influential cognitive-behavioral approaches in counseling and psychotherapy. It is based on the assumption that people are not disturbed directly by events but by the beliefs they hold about those events. Emotional distress and maladaptive behaviors arise from irrational beliefs, unrealistic expectations, and rigid thinking patterns rather than from the situations themselves. The primary goal of the theory is to help individuals identify, challenge, and replace irrational beliefs with rational ones, leading to healthier emotions and more effective behaviors. The theory proposes that human beings possess both rational and irrational tendencies. Rational thinking is logical, flexible, and reality-oriented, enabling individuals to cope effectively with life's challenges. Irrational thinking involves rigid demands, catastrophizing, low frustration tolerance, and self-defeating beliefs. Ellis argued that many emotional problems result from irrational beliefs such as "I must always succeed," "Everyone must approve of me," or "Life should always be fair." These beliefs create unnecessary anxiety, depression, guilt, anger, and frustration. The central concept of Rational Emotive Theory is the ABC model. "A" stands for the Activating Event, which refers to any situation or experience that occurs. "B" represents the