Environmental management is an interdisciplinary approach that focuses on the responsible use and protection of natural resources to ensure sustainable development. At its core, environmental management is guided by fundamental principles that balance ecological integrity, economic growth, and social well-being. One of the primary principles is the precautionary principle, which asserts that in cases where human activities may pose a threat to the environment, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason to postpone preventive measures. This principle encourages proactive measures to minimize potential environmental damage before it occurs. Another key principle is the sustainability principle, which emphasizes the need to manage natural resources in a manner that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own requirements. Sustainability in environmental management requires a holistic understanding of ecosystem functions, renewable and non-renewable resource limits, and the carrying capacity of natural systems. Closely linked to sustainability is the ecosystem approach, which considers ecosystems as the basic unit for planning and management, recognizing the interdependence of biotic and abiotic components. This principle ensures that interventions in one part of the environment do not create adverse effects in another. Integration and participatory management form another fundamental principle. Environmental