IGNOU MCMM 1 2015 - Discuss the diagnosis of HIV infections in children and infants below

Question

Discuss the diagnosis of HIV infections in children and infants below 18 months of age.

15 Dec 2017

Answer :

Word Count : 432

Throughout the clinically latent period associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection the virus continues to actively replicate, usually resulting in symptomatic illness. Highly variable disease progression rates between individuals are well-recognised, with progression categorised as rapid, typical or intermediate and late or long-term non-progression. The majority of infected individuals (70–80%) experience intermediate disease progression in which they have HIV-RNA rise, CD4+ T-cell decline and development of AIDS-related illnesses within 6–10 years of acquiring HIV. Ten to 15% are rapid progressions who have a fast CD4+ T-cell decline and occurrence of AIDS-related events within a few years after infection. The late progresses (5%), can remain healthy without significant changes in CD4 count or HIV-RNA for over 10 years While Figure demonstrates the existence of a relationship between high plasma HIV-RNA, low peripheral CD4+ T-cell count and rapidity of disease progression, many of the

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