Ranjit Guha, an eminent Indian historian, played a pivotal role in shaping the field of Subaltern Studies, which seeks to rewrite history from the perspective of those marginalized and excluded from dominant power structures. His work challenged conventional historiography that largely focused on elites, rulers, and colonial administrators, arguing that such narratives often silenced the voices of peasants, workers, tribals, and other subaltern groups. Guha’s scholarship emphasized that history should not only be about the actions of the powerful but must also include the agency, resistance, and experiences of those at the bottom of social hierarchies. Guha was a founding member of the Subaltern Studies collective in the early 1980s. He argued that South Asian history had traditionally been interpreted through the lens of colonial and nationalist elites, creating a “top-down” perspective. By contrast, he proposed a “bottom-up” approach, where the