Disaster mitigation refers to sustained actions taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life, property, and the environment from hazards. Unlike disaster response and recovery, which focus on actions taken after a disaster has occurred, mitigation is a proactive strategy aimed at minimizing the potential impact of natural or human-induced hazards before they result in catastrophic consequences. It is a crucial component of disaster preparedness and risk reduction, as it seeks to address vulnerabilities and strengthen resilience within communities. The concept of disaster mitigation is grounded in the understanding that while hazards such as earthquakes, floods, cyclones, droughts, and industrial accidents may be unavoidable, their impacts can be significantly reduced through appropriate planning, structural measures, policy frameworks, and community awareness. Mitigation emphasizes reducing exposure to hazards, decreasing vulnerability, and enhancing coping capacity. It integrates scientific knowledge, risk assessment, land-use planning, environmental management, and public participation to create safer societies. One of the primary approaches to disaster mitigation is structural mitigation. This involves physical and engineering measures designed to withstand or control the effects of hazards. Examples include constructing earthquake-resistant buildings, building flood control embankments and dams, retrofitting