Marxist anthropology is an anthropological theory used to study different cultures around the world. It is based largely on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, both German philosophers who lived in the nineteenth century.1 Marxist anthropology focuses on the ways material factors cause social transformation. This includes studying the forces of production and their relationship to social organization.2 The idea is that economic relationships are based on power, and ultimately lead to class struggle. Basically, it is the study of social class, class conflict, economics, production and distribution, and their relationship to social change within a community. 3Although Marx and Engel’s theories were published in the nineteenth century, anthropological studies of peasants were not conducted widely until after the end of World War Two, which was a shift from studying tribal societies.4 Peasants are important to Marxist anthropologists because they are the agricultural labor force of a community. An example of such research would be anthropologist Eric Wolf’s study of peasants in Puerto Rico, where he found there are three significant modes of production.