What are Type I and Type II superconductors?

Among the melt growth processes which method is the cleanest? Give reasons.

Describe how photolithography is used for production of nanostructures.

Prove that the volume of a unit cell of the reciprocal lattice of a bcc structure is
inversely proportional to the volume of the unit cell of its direct lattice.

Copper has a Debye temperature of 340 K and a Fermi temperature of 81000 K. At what temperature will the contribution of the vibrations of the crystal lattice (within the Debye theory) and that of the conduction electrons (within the free electron theory) to the specific heat become equal?

When 1.5 A of current is passed through a zinc specimen under a magnetic field of 2.0 T, the Hall voltage is 4.45 µV The width of the specimen is 0.03mm. Calculate the carrier concentration.

Distinguish between piezoelectric and pyroelectric materials with an example of each.