The stomach is a J-shaped muscular organ located in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity, between the esophagus and the small intestine. It plays a vital role in digestion by storing food, mixing it with digestive juices, and gradually releasing it into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption. Structurally, the stomach is divided into four main regions: the cardia, fundus, body, and pylorus. The cardia is the area where the esophagus connects to the stomach, allowing food to enter. The fundus is the upper curved portion that stores undigested food and gases released during digestion. The body is the largest central part, responsible for mixing food with gastric secretions. The pylorus is the lower section that connects to the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) through the pyloric sphincter, controlling the passage of partially digested food, known as chyme. The stomach wall consists of several layers. The outermost layer is the serosa, a protective membrane. Beneath it lies the muscularis externa, which has three layers of smooth muscle