IGNOU MIS 23 2025 - Describe the salient features of various accident causation theories.

Question

Describe the salient features of various accident causation theories.

21 Feb 2025

Answer :

Word Count : 488

Accident causation theories help understand why accidents occur in the construction industry and provide a foundation for developing safety measures. Various theories have been proposed to explain the causes of accidents, each offering unique insights into accident prevention.

1. Domino Theory (Heinrich’s Theory)

Developed by Herbert W. Heinrich in the 1930s, the Domino Theory suggests that accidents result from a sequence of five interrelated factors:

Ancestry and Social Environment – Negative traits inherited or acquired through the environment (e.g., recklessness, lack of training).
Fault of the Person – Unsafe behavior, carelessness, or lack of knowledge.
Unsafe Act or Condition – Direct causes such as unsafe work conditions, improper tool use, or lack of protective gear.
Accident – The event leading to injury or damage.
Injury – The final consequence, such as physical harm or financial loss.
Breaking the chain at any stage can prevent accidents, emphasizing the importance of safety measures.

2. Human Factor Theory

This theory focuses on human error as the primary cause of accidents. It classifies errors into three categories:

Overload – When a

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