Earthing and earth leakage protection devices play a vital role in preventing electrical accidents by ensuring that fault currents are safely diverted away from human beings and sensitive equipment. In mechanical and electrical safety management, these protective measures are fundamental controls designed to minimize the risk of electric shock, fire hazards, and equipment damage in industrial, commercial, and residential installations. Earthing, also known as grounding, is the process of connecting the non-current carrying metallic parts of electrical equipment to the earth through a low-resistance conductor. Under normal operating conditions, these metallic parts do not carry current. However, in the event of insulation failure, damaged wiring, or internal faults, the live conductor may come into contact with the equipment body, making it energized. If a person touches such equipment without proper earthing, the current may pass through the human body to the ground, resulting in electric shock, severe injury, or even death. Proper earthing provides an alternative low-resistance path for fault current to flow directly into the earth. This rapid diversion of current reduces the potential difference on the equipment body and facilitates the operation of protective devices such as fuses and circuit