The concept of an “intelligent building” has been around for more than 30 years, and we still do not have a single agreed-upon definition. While the meaning of what constitutes an intelligent building is continually evolving, the following is a good working definition: An intelligent building uses the latest technology and processes to operate as safely and efficiently as possible. Intelligent buildings are designed to be energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, and provide the optimal environment for their occupants. As a result, these buildings have lower operational costs and offer considerable benefits for owners and occupants.

Intelligent building design ideally begins at the planning stage but existing structures can be retrofit to bring them in line with intelligent design principles. To achieve the desired energy efficiency and level of environmental control, intelligent buildings must be responsive and adjust to changing conditions and occupant actions. Hardware such as occupancy sensors, motion detectors, CCTV cameras, and RFID scanners are placed throughout the building and surrounding area to provide information on changing conditions. All of the building´s environmental and electrical systems are linked into a single network so they can exchange information and work together to achieve optimum efficiency.

The various occupancy sensors in an intelligent building register changing conditions, such as occupants leaving or entering an area. Sensors also monitor environmental conditions including temperature, indoor air quality, energy usage, etc. Building automation systems then take appropriate action as needed, such as turning off the HVAC and lighting in unoccupied