Question
Define Bonded Labour. Discuss the Supreme Court Judgements on the prohibition of Bonded Labour.
Answer :
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Bonded labour refers to a system of forced labour in which a person is compelled to work to repay a debt, advance, or social obligation, under conditions that deny freedom, fair wages, and dignity. In India, bonded labour typically affects vulnerable groups such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, landless agricultural workers, migrants, and people living in extreme poverty. The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976 defines bonded labour as any labour or service rendered under a bonded labour system, where a debtor enters into an agreement, explicit or implicit, to work for the creditor for a specified or unspecified period, often for nominal or no wages, with restrictions on movement and choice of employment. Such arrangements perpetuate economic exploitation, social subordination, and intergenerational poverty, directly violating fundamental human rights. The Supreme Court of India has played a crucial role in interpreting
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