IGNOU BWEE 5 2026 2027 - Critically analyse the demographic dynamics of women in India with ref

Question

Critically analyse the demographic dynamics of women in India with reference to sex ratio, fertility, and mortality.

20 Jul 2026

Answer :

Word Count : 641

The demographic dynamics of women in India are shaped by the interrelated factors of sex ratio, fertility, and mortality. These indicators not only reflect the health and well-being of women but also reveal the extent of gender equality, access to healthcare, education, and socio-economic opportunities. Despite significant improvements in recent decades, demographic trends continue to highlight persistent gender disparities influenced by cultural norms, economic conditions, and public policies. The sex ratio is one of the most important indicators of women's status in society. It refers to the number of females per 1,000 males. Historically, India has experienced an adverse sex ratio due to deep-rooted son preference, gender discrimination, female foeticide, and neglect of girl children. Patriarchal values have encouraged families to prefer male children because of inheritance practices, old-age security, and social customs such as dowry. Although legal measures like the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT)

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