Civil society refers to the sphere of voluntary social organizations, associations, and institutions that exist between the individual, the family, the market, and the state. It includes non-governmental organizations (NGOs), community-based organizations, professional associations, trade unions, self-help groups, religious organizations, charitable trusts, advocacy groups, youth clubs, women's organizations, and social movements. These organizations function independently of direct government control and aim to promote public welfare, protect citizens' rights, strengthen democracy, and encourage social participation. In practicing anthropology, civil society is an important field of study because anthropologists frequently work with these organizations in community development, social justice, health, education, environmental conservation, and cultural preservation. From an anthropological perspective, civil society represents a network of social relationships based on cooperation,