Indian customs and rituals enrich the nation with culture and customs which have been followed over centuries and continue to form and integral part of Indian tradition. Different religions and faiths, which are a part and parcel of various communities of India, make the rituals very unique and interesting. Every belief system is identified by its own practised set of rites and rituals thus making up a galaxy of rituals. Such rituals are practised by innumerable residents of India with deep respect and devotion. Starting from birth and continuing till death, Indians follow a wide range of customs and rituals which are revered.

Hindu Customs and Rituals
Hinduism comprises innumerable social and religious rituals and customs. They celebrate religious festivals by the standard ritual of inviting 'Brahmin' priests to their houses who officially conducts the 'puja' or process by which Hindu deities are worshipped. 'Yajnas' are performed by the holy priests to invoke the divine blessings of Hindu gods and goddesses. A detailed series of life-cycle rituals mark the major transitions in the life of the individual. Soon after the birth of a child, the 'Namkaran' ceremony is held, which is marked by the chanting of Sanskrit 'Shlokas' and singing of hymns. Hindu customs assert the significance of the 'Upanayana' or thread ceremony amongst Brahmins, to demarcate their distinction from the other castes or creeds of the Hindu society. The next important transition in life is marriage. For most Indians, the exact date and time of the wedding are matters decided by the parents in consultation with astrologers. Cremation is also on part of the Indian Hindu customary ceremonies. Intricate procedures are carried out to perform the 'shraddhha' or funeral rites of deceased family members.

Muslim Customs and Rituals
Muslims follow multiple rituals related to birth, marriage, religious practises which involves worshipping 'Allah' and funeral customs and rituals. Muslim ceremonies regarding birth are specific, and whatever is practiced usually varies with the customs and habits of different regions. However, traditionally some practices are generally followed by all. After the birth of the child, he or she is smeared with the juice of palm dates on the upper jaw. It is believed that the very first words that a new born should hear are the words of God. Accordingly, the 'Azaan' is whispered into the child's right ear whereas the 'Iqamat' is spoken into the child's left ear. 'Nikaah' is the marriage ceremony followed religiously by the Muslims. It is quite brief and is confined to just two sentences. The boy has to say that he proposes to get married to a particular girl and the girl must accept this proposal three times. This event must be witnessed by at least two witnesses. A contract, known as the 'Nikahnama', is drawn up which is to be signed by the concerned people.

When a Muslim man or woman dies, people are to recite the phrase 'lilaha va inna illaha raziun' meaning "We have come from God and unto him we shall return". Loud wailing and show of sadness is prohibited by Muslim law. The body is wrapped from head to toe in a white cloth called the 'Kafan' and it is then taken to the burial ground, carried on the shoulders of four people. This procession is called the 'Janasa'. A prayer called 'dua' is recited en-route. A prayer is said by all members of the