Question
By looking at the factorisation of guess the number of irreducible polynomials of degree 2 over
. Find all the irreducible polynomials of degree 2 over
.
Answer :
Word Count : 547
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Skip in 10
We are asked to find irreducible polynomials of degree 2 over ( \mathbb{F}_3 ) by looking at the factorization of ( x^9 - x ) in ( \mathbb{F}_3[x] ). Let’s solve this step by step. Over a finite field ( \mathbb{F}*q ), we have the identity: [ x^{q^n} - x = \prod*{f \text{ monic, irreducible over } \mathbb{F}_q, \deg(f) \mid n} f(x). ] Here ( q = 3 ) and ( n = 2 ), so ( x^{3^2} - x = x^9 - x ) factors into all monic irreducible polynomials over ( \mathbb{F}_3 ) of degrees dividing 2. Step 1: Factor out the linear factors (degree 1). The linear polynomials over ( \mathbb{F}_3 ) are ( x, x-1, x-2 ). They are clearly irreducible of degree 1. So the product of linear factors is: [ x(x-1)(x-2). ] Step 2: Divide ( x^9 - x ) by ( x(x-1)(x-2) ) to find the quadratic irreducibles. We know that ( x^9 - x = x(x-1)(x-2)
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