Dampness in buildings is a common defect that leads to deterioration of materials, reduction in structural strength, unsanitary conditions, and discomfort to occupants. Preventing dampness should be primarily addressed at the planning and design stage because proper foresight reduces future maintenance problems and extends the life of the structure. One of the most important preventive measures is proper selection of the site. Low-lying areas, waterlogged soils, and sites with poor natural drainage should be avoided or treated with adequate drainage systems. The ground level of the building should be kept sufficiently above the surrounding ground level by providing an adequate plinth height so that surface water cannot enter the structure. Proper planning of the building layout should ensure effective surface drainage away from the structure. The surrounding ground should be sloped outward to prevent accumulation of rainwater near the foundation. The design of foundations should consider the soil conditions, and where necessary, anti-capillary or damp-proof layers such as