Kinship is one of the most fundamental concepts in social science and refers to the system of social relationships based on blood ties, marriage, and adoption. It establishes the connections between individuals and groups and determines rights, duties, privileges, and obligations within a society. Kinship is not only a biological relationship but also a socially recognized bond that shapes family life, inheritance, residence, and social identity. Every society, whether traditional or modern, has some form of kinship system that regulates interpersonal relationships and contributes to social stability. Kinship can be broadly classified into three types. The first is consanguineal kinship, which is based on blood relationships such as those between parents and children, brothers and sisters, and grandparents and grandchildren. The second is affinal kinship, which arises through marriage, creating relationships such as husband and wife, in-laws, and other marital relatives. The third is fictive kinship, where individuals are treated as relatives despite having no biological or marital connection. Examples include adopted children, godparents, and close family friends recognized as family members. Kinship systems differ across cultures. Some societies follow a patrilineal system in which descent and inheritance are traced through the father's line, while others follow a matrilineal system where descent is traced through the mother's line. There are also bilateral systems in which relatives from both the mother's and father's sides are considered equally important. These variations influence property rights, authority, family structure, and social status. Kinship plays a vital role in social organization by providing a framework for family formation and social interaction. It determines family membership and establishes the roles and responsibilities of each individual. Parents are responsible for the care and upbringing of children, while children are expected to