Calculate the number of normal modes of vibration for the following compounds:
- H2O
- CH4
- HBr
i.
ii. In this molecule, there are a total of 5 atoms. It is a nonlinear molecule so There are
3(5)−6=9 vibrational modes in CH4.
iii.
Hydrogen Bromide, HBr
H-Br stretching
2439 cm-1
(IR intensity = 1.0)
(Raman active)
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Degree of freedom is the number of variables required to describe the motion of a particle completely. For an atom moving in 3-dimensional space, three coordinates are adequate so its degree of freedom is three. Its motion is purely translational. If we have a molecule made of N atoms (or ions), the degree of freedom becomes 3N, because each atom has 3 degrees of freedom. Furthermore, since these atoms are bonded together, all motions are not translational; some become rotational, some others vibration. For non-linear molecules, all rotational motions can be described in terms of rotations around 3 axes, the rotational degree of freedom is 3 and the
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