Using defence mechanicm is a way to adjust one-self. Discuss with suitable illustrations the diffèrent techniques of defence mechanism that can be use&
Different types of defence mechanisms along with their features are -
i) Projection
In projection, others are seen responsible for one's own shortcoming, mistake, misdeed, unacceptable impulses, thoughts and desires. Projection is the most common tendency being observed in human behaviour for ego protection. If a student fails in an examination helshe attributes it to poor teaching or the unfair behaviour of the teacher. Truants and delinquents blame their parents for their negligence, rejection or underestimation of their problems. Fate and bad luck are commonly used projections. Many times lifeless objects are blamed. If a snlall boy falls off a cycle he may attack it by kicking it. If a player slips he may return to the spot as if that was the cause of his slip.
ii) Reaction Formation
When an individual protects himself from dangerous desire developing of a conscious attitude and behaviour patterns opposite to repression, he uses reaction formation. In this situation one conceals hate with love, cruelty with kindness, sexual promiscuity with moralistic sexual attitude and behaviour. Thus he creates hurdles or barriers that reinforce his repression. His real desires and feelings are kept from conscious awareness. Reaction formation helps the individual to maintain his adjustment with socially accepted behaviour and avoid awareness of fear of self devaluating desires. One does not have a conscious control in this mechanism resulting in exaggerated and rigid fears of beliefs.
iii) Regression
Regression is a defence mechanism in which one performs reverted behaviour. The decline in attention of parents towards an elder child due to a new addition to the family may result in the elder one reverting to bed wetting and other infantile behaviour to draw parental attention. Becoming independent from a state of dependency is not so easy in life; that is why during severe stresses or difficult challenges one retreats to a somewhat immature level of adjustment. In regression an individual retreats from reality and may exhibit behavior which is not normally expected from that person.
iv) Repression
When a person excludes painful thoughts from his conscious awareness he uses repression. Very often it has been considered
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