Question

Apohavada

09 Jul 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 267
Apohavada, or the theory of exclusion, is a significant epistemological doctrine developed by the Buddhist logicians Dignaga and Dharmakirti to explain the meaning of words and the process of conceptual knowledge. It arose in response to the realist view that universals are real entities existing independently in objects. According to Apohavada, universals do not possess objective reality because only momentary particulars (svalakshana) truly exist. Concepts and words are mental constructions rather than direct representations of reality. The central idea of Apohavada is that a word signifies an object not by referring to a positive universal but by excluding everything
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