Question
What were the government policies towards handicrafts under five-year plannings from first to twelfth five-year planning? Describe.
Answer :
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Handicrafts have long been an integral part of the cultural, social, and economic life of Bharat. After independence in 1947, the Government of India recognized the importance of protecting traditional crafts, generating rural employment, and preserving cultural heritage. Through the Five-Year Plans, various policies and programs were introduced to promote handicrafts, improve the condition of artisans, and expand domestic as well as international markets for craft products. During the First Five-Year Plan (1951–1956), the government mainly focused on rehabilitation of traditional artisans and revival of village industries that had suffered during the colonial period. The emphasis was on protecting traditional skills and providing employment to rural communities. Institutions such as the All India Handicrafts Board were established in 1952 under the leadership of Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay. The government promoted training programs, design development, and cooperative organizations for artisans. Efforts were also made to provide raw materials and marketing support. In the Second Five-Year Plan (1956–1961), handicrafts were recognized as an important sector for employment generation and export promotion. The government emphasized the
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