Question
What is tunneling? Describe the hazards and risks involved in tunneling.
Answer :
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Tunneling is the process of creating underground passages or tunnels through soil, rock, or other materials to provide transportation routes, utilities, or storage facilities. It is a complex construction activity that requires specialized equipment, careful planning, and continuous monitoring to ensure structural stability and worker safety. Tunneling involves excavation, support installation, ventilation, and often water management, all of which pose significant safety challenges. The hazards involved in tunneling are numerous. One major hazard is the risk of collapse or cave-ins due to unstable soil or rock conditions, which can trap
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