Question
What is the factors affecting biotransformation of drugs?.
Answer :
Word Count : 521
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दवाओं के जैव-परिवर्तन (Biotransformation) को प्रभावित करने वाले अनेक कारक होते हैं। जैव-परिवर्तन वह प्रक्रिया है जिसके द्वारा शरीर, विशेषकर यकृत (Liver), दवाओं को रासायनिक रूप से परिवर्तित कर उन्हें निष्क्रिय, कम विषाक्त अथवा उत्सर्जन योग्य बनाता है। यह प्रक्रिया विभिन्न एंजाइमों, विशेष रूप से साइटोक्रोम P450 एंजाइम प्रणाली द्वारा नियंत्रित होती है। दवाओं के जैव-परिवर्तन को प्रभावित करने वाले प्रमुख कारक निम्नलिखित हैं। आयु एक महत्वपूर्ण कारक है। नवजात शिशुओं में यकृत एंजाइम पूरी तरह विकसित नहीं होते, जिससे दवाओं का चयापचय धीमा होता है। इसी प्रकार वृद्ध व्यक्तियों में यकृत की कार्यक्षमता कम हो सकती है, जिससे दवा लंबे समय तक शरीर में बनी रहती है और
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