Question
What are the grounds for the Buddhist distinction between universals and particulars?
Answer :
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In Buddhist metaphysics, the distinction between universals and particulars is grounded in the rejection of inherent, permanent essences. Particulars, or individual phenomena, are considered concrete, momentary events that exist due to dependent origination (pratītyasamutpāda) and are subject to change, arising from specific causes and conditions. Universals, on the other hand, are conceptual constructs or generalizations that the mind imposes on the multiplicity of particulars to facilitate understanding and communication. Buddhists argue that universals do not possess independent,
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