Extreme weather events are some of the most visible and destructive manifestations of climate change. They occur when weather conditions deviate significantly from the usual patterns and intensities, often causing devastating impacts on human life, infrastructure, and ecosystems. In the context of climate change, the frequency, duration, and intensity of these events are increasing, making it crucial to understand their characteristics. Extreme weather events differ in form, scale, and impact, but they share the common feature of overwhelming natural systems and human resilience. The major types of extreme weather events include heatwaves, droughts, floods, storms, cyclones, hurricanes, blizzards, and wildfires, each with distinct characteristics that define their occurrence and effects. Heatwaves are prolonged periods of abnormally high temperatures, often combined with high humidity, that can severely affect human health, agriculture, and ecosystems. They usually occur in summer and are characterized by consecutive days or weeks of temperatures significantly above the average for a given region. Heatwaves strain power grids due to increased demand for cooling, stress water resources, and cause heat-related illnesses such as dehydration, heatstroke, and even death. In urban areas, the “urban heat island effect” intensifies heatwaves as concrete and asphalt trap more heat than natural landscapes. Climate change contributes to longer, more frequent, and more intense heatwaves, making them a growing public health and environmental concern. Droughts represent another critical form of extreme weather, defined by a prolonged shortage of water due to insufficient rainfall, high evaporation rates, or mismanagement of water resources. They are characterized by dryness that persists over weeks, months, or even years, significantly reducing water availability for drinking, agriculture, and ecosystems. Droughts are complex, often developing slowly but causing long-term impacts such as crop failures, livestock deaths, food insecurity, and loss of livelihoods in farming communities. Unlike sudden events, droughts can be deceptive because their impacts accumulate gradually, leading to desertification and land degradation. Climate change intensifies droughts