Global supply chain risks have become one of the most critical challenges in retail supply chain management. Retailers depend on international suppliers for raw materials, finished goods, packaging materials, technology products, and transportation services. When any disruption occurs in one country or region, its effects are often felt across the entire retail network. Natural disasters, pandemics, labor strikes, trade wars, cyberattacks, inflation, port congestion, and shipping lane blockages can delay inventory movement, increase costs, and reduce customer satisfaction. Since retailers operate on timely product availability and competitive pricing, such risks directly affect sales, brand reputation, and profitability. Natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, or droughts can damage factories, warehouses, roads, and ports. If a supplier’s production unit is affected, retailers may face stock shortages for weeks or months. For example, if electronics components are produced in one disaster-hit country, many retailers worldwide may not receive products on time. Trade wars and tariff increases also create uncertainty. Import duties raise product costs, forcing retailers either to increase prices or reduce profit margins. In some cases, governments impose export restrictions, which further limits product availability. Shipping lane blockages are another major global risk. Important sea routes like canals, straits, or ports carry a large volume of international trade. If these routes are blocked due to accidents, conflict, piracy, or congestion, shipments get delayed and freight charges rise sharply. Retailers then struggle to replenish shelves, especially for seasonal goods or fast-moving consumer items. Delayed deliveries also create