Environmental history is an important branch of historical studies that examines the dynamic relationship between human societies and the natural environment over time. It seeks to understand how forests, rivers, mountains, climate, animals, soils, and other natural resources have influenced human life, while also analyzing how human activities have transformed nature. In the context of Indian historiography, environmental history emerged as a distinct field during the late twentieth century, influenced by global environmental concerns and interdisciplinary approaches involving history, ecology, geography, archaeology, and anthropology. Traditional historical writing in India focused mainly on political events, dynasties, wars, and religious developments. Environmental history broadened the scope of historical inquiry by bringing nature into the study of the past. It challenged the idea that nature was merely a passive background to historical events and instead emphasized that environmental factors actively shaped economic systems, settlement patterns,