B.R. Ambedkar, one of India’s foremost social reformers and the chief architect of the Indian Constitution, held a progressive and transformative view on gender, which was deeply intertwined with his understanding of social justice, equality, and human dignity. Ambedkar’s perspective on gender cannot be isolated from his broader critique of caste and social hierarchy. He recognized that the oppression of women in India was not only a matter of social custom but was systematically reinforced through legal, religious, and cultural practices, particularly within the framework of Hindu orthodoxy. He viewed gender inequality as a barrier to the full realization of democracy and social justice, asserting that the emancipation of women was essential for the moral and political advancement of society. Ambedkar’s early writings and speeches show his acute awareness of the plight of women in India, especially within marginalized communities. He argued that women were subjected to multiple layers of oppression: as women within a patriarchal society and, for Dalit women, as members of oppressed caste groups. He criticized traditional Hindu law, particularly the Manusmriti and other Dharmashastra texts, which codified patriarchal norms and restricted women’s rights in marriage, inheritance, education, and public life. According to Ambedkar, these laws not only curtailed women’s autonomy but also institutionalized social inequality, making it difficult for women to achieve dignity and equality. One of Ambedkar’s most significant interventions regarding gender was his advocacy for legal reform, particularly in the realm of Hindu personal law. He was instrumental in shaping debates around the Hindu