Democracy, as a concept, can be analyzed from multiple perspectives, but two prominent approaches are viewing it as a mechanism and viewing it as a value. Understanding the distinction between these two interpretations is crucial in social and political philosophy because it shapes how societies perceive governance and civic engagement. When democracy is understood as a mechanism, it refers primarily to the institutional and procedural aspects of democratic governance. This interpretation emphasizes the structures, rules, and practices that allow citizens to participate in political decision-making. Mechanisms of democracy include elections, representative institutions, voting procedures, rule of law, checks and balances, and mechanisms for accountability and transparency. In this sense, democracy is seen as a tool or system designed to organize collective decision-making in a society. The focus here is on efficiency, fairness, and functionality: ensuring that policies reflect the will of the people and that governance operates in an orderly, predictable, and structured way. This procedural view can be analyzed, measured, and compared objectively, for instance, by