The agrarian and land rights movements in Latin America have historically played a critical role in shaping the relationship between the state and society. These movements emerged in response to the profound inequalities in land ownership, a legacy of colonialism and feudal-like agrarian structures that concentrated vast tracts of land in the hands of a few elites while leaving the majority of rural populations landless or with insufficient resources for subsistence. Land inequality has long been a source of social tension, and mobilizations for agrarian reform have often been central to broader struggles for social justice, political inclusion, and economic development. In countries like Mexico, the agrarian movement gained momentum after the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920), which directly addressed land reform through the redistribution of estates under Article 27 of the Mexican Constitution. The movement emphasized the rights of peasants to access land and challenged the dominance of large haciendas. Similarly, in countries such as Brazil, Bolivia, and Chile, peasant movements and indigenous groups have fought for land rights, seeking to secure territories that were historically appropriated or marginalized. These