Question
संयोजक प्रागनुभवी एवं समेकित प्रागनुभवी
Answer :
Word Count : 660
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Skip in 10
आधुनिक पाश्चात्य दर्शन में ज्ञान की प्रकृति तथा उसकी वैधता के प्रश्न पर विशेष रूप से विचार किया गया, जिसमें प्रागनुभव (a priori) और अनुभव (a posteriori) के संबंध को समझने का प्रयास प्रमुख रहा। इसी संदर्भ में संयोजक प्रागनुभवी (Synthetic a priori) तथा समेकित प्रागनुभवी ज्ञान की अवधारणाएँ अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण मानी जाती हैं। इन अवधारणाओं का सर्वाधिक व्यवस्थित प्रतिपादन जर्मन दार्शनिक Immanuel Kant ने किया, जिन्होंने बुद्धिवाद और अनुभववाद के बीच समन्वय स्थापित करने का प्रयास किया। प्रागनुभवी ज्ञान वह ज्ञान है जो अनुभव से स्वतंत्र होता है तथा जिसकी सत्यता अनुभव पर आधारित नहीं होती। इसके विपरीत अनुभवजन्य ज्ञान इन्द्रियानुभव से प्राप्त होता है। कांट ने यह स्पष्ट किया कि सभी प्रागनुभवी ज्ञान विश्लेषणात्मक नहीं होते, बल्कि कुछ ऐसे भी होते हैं जो ज्ञान में नवीनता जोड़ते हैं। इसी आधार पर उन्होंने संयोजक प्रागनुभवी ज्ञान की संकल्पना प्रस्तुत की। संयोजक प्रागनुभवी निर्णय वे होते हैं जिनमें विधेय, उद्देश्य में पहले से निहित नहीं होता, बल्कि वह
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