Question
भारत में ग्रामीण सामाजिक सहायता ओर कल्याण कार्यक्रमों का सविस्तार वर्णन कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 1003
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भारत की अधिकांश जनसंख्या ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में निवास करती है, जहाँ गरीबी, बेरोजगारी, अशिक्षा, कुपोषण, सामाजिक असुरक्षा और बुनियादी सुविधाओं की कमी जैसी समस्याएँ लंबे समय से विद्यमान रही हैं। इन्हीं समस्याओं के समाधान तथा ग्रामीण जनता के जीवन स्तर में सुधार के उद्देश्य से भारत सरकार ने समय-समय पर अनेक ग्रामीण सामाजिक सहायता एवं कल्याण कार्यक्रम प्रारंभ किए हैं। इन कार्यक्रमों का मूल उद्देश्य कमजोर, वंचित एवं असहाय वर्गों को सामाजिक सुरक्षा प्रदान करना, उनकी आय में वृद्धि करना तथा उन्हें सम्मानजनक जीवन जीने के योग्य बनाना है। ग्रामीण सामाजिक सहायता कार्यक्रमों में सबसे प्रमुख भूमिका सामाजिक सुरक्षा योजनाओं की रही है। राष्ट्रीय सामाजिक सहायता कार्यक्रम के अंतर्गत वृद्धावस्था पेंशन, विधवा पेंशन, दिव्यांग पेंशन तथा राष्ट्रीय पारिवारिक लाभ योजना जैसी योजनाएँ संचालित की जा रही हैं। वृद्धावस्था पेंशन योजना के माध्यम से निर्धन बुजुर्गों को नियमित आर्थिक सहायता प्रदान की जाती है, जिससे वे अपनी दैनिक आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति कर सकें। इसी प्रकार विधवा पेंशन योजना ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों की उन महिलाओं के लिए अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण है जो पति की मृत्यु के बाद आर्थिक एवं सामाजिक असुरक्षा का सामना करती हैं। दिव्यांग पेंशन योजना शारीरिक या मानसिक रूप से अक्षम व्यक्तियों को सहायता प्रदान कर उन्हें आत्मनिर्भर बनाने का प्रयास करती
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