Question
न्याय क्या है? न्याय के विभिन्न प्रकारों पर चर्चा कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 828
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Skip in 10
न्याय सामाजिक और राजनीतिक दर्शन का एक केंद्रीय और मूलभूत विषय है। यह मानव समाज में व्यवस्था, समानता, अधिकारों और कर्तव्यों के संतुलन से संबंधित है। सामान्य अर्थ में न्याय का तात्पर्य है—प्रत्येक व्यक्ति को उसका उचित अधिकार देना और उसके साथ निष्पक्ष व्यवहार करना। न्याय वह सिद्धांत है जो यह निर्धारित करता है कि समाज में संसाधनों, अवसरों, दंड और पुरस्कारों का वितरण किस प्रकार हो ताकि नैतिकता और समता बनी रहे। न्याय केवल कानूनी व्यवस्था तक सीमित नहीं है, बल्कि यह नैतिक, सामाजिक, आर्थिक और राजनीतिक जीवन के प्रत्येक क्षेत्र से जुड़ा हुआ है। प्लेटो ने न्याय को समाज के प्रत्येक वर्ग द्वारा अपने-अपने कर्तव्यों का समुचित पालन करना माना, जबकि अरस्तू ने इसे समानता के सिद्धांत से जोड़ा और कहा कि समान लोगों के साथ समान तथा असमान लोगों के साथ उनकी योग्यता के अनुसार असमान व्यवहार ही न्याय है। न्याय के विभिन्न प्रकारों को समझने के लिए इसे कई आधारों पर विभाजित किया जाता है। पहला प्रकार है—वितरणात्मक न्याय। वितरणात्मक न्याय का संबंध समाज में उपलब्ध संसाधनों, अवसरों और सुविधाओं
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