Question
व्हिटेकर द्वारा प्रस्तावित पांच-जगत वर्गीकरण प्रणाली का वर्णन कीजिए तथा इसकी सीमाओं का विवेचन कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 461
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व्हिटेकर ने 1969 में जीवों के अध्ययन और वर्गीकरण की एक पाँच-जगत प्रणाली (Five Kingdom Classification) का प्रस्ताव किया। यह प्रणाली जीवों को उनके पोषण के प्रकार, कोशिकाओं की संरचना, जीवनचक्र, आनुवंशिक संरचना और संगठन स्तर के आधार पर पाँच मुख्य जगतों में बाँटती है। इन पाँच जगतों में प्रोटिस्टा (Protista), मोनेरा (Monera), फंगी (Fungi), प्लांटाए (Plantae), और एनिमेलिया (Animalia) शामिल हैं। मोनेरा जगत में प्रोकैरियोटिक जीव आते हैं, जैसे बैक्टीरिया और साइनोबैक्टीरिया। ये एकलकोशीय, नाभिकरहित (prokaryotic) और अक्सर अपघटक या परजीवी होते हैं। प्रोटिस्टा जगत में एकलकोशीय यूकैरियोटिक जीव शामिल हैं, जैसे अमीबा और प्लैनेरिया, जिनमें जटिल कोशिका संरचना और
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