Question
भिखारी ठाकुर
Answer :
Word Count : 1230
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भिखारी ठाकुर भोजपुरी भाषा आ लोकसंस्कृति के अइसन महान कलाकार रहलें, जिनकर रचना आ रंगकर्म भोजपुरी समाज के जीवन, संघर्ष, पीड़ा आ आकांक्षा के सजीव रूप में सामने ले आइल। उनका के भोजपुरी के शेक्सपियर कहल जाला। ऊ खाली नाटककार ना रहलें, बल्कि कवि, गीतकार, अभिनेता, निर्देशक, लोककलाकार आ समाज-सुधारक के रूप में भी आपन महत्वपूर्ण पहचान बनवलें। उनका रचनात्मक प्रतिभा के सबसे बड़ विशेषता ई रहे कि ऊ साधारण ग्रामीण जीवन के छोट-छोट घटना, समस्या आ सामाजिक विसंगति के लोकभाषा भोजपुरी में एतना प्रभावशाली ढंग से प्रस्तुत कइलें कि उनकर रचना आम जनता के दिल तक पहुँच गइल। भिखारी ठाकुर के जन्म 18 दिसंबर 1887 के बिहार के सारण जिला के कुतुबपुर दियारा गाँव में एगो साधारण परिवार में भइल रहे। उनका परिवार के सामाजिक-आर्थिक स्थिति सामान्य रहे। औपचारिक शिक्षा बहुत अधिक ना मिल पवल, बाकिर जीवन के अनुभव, लोकजीवन के गहिर समझ आ स्वाध्याय उनका व्यक्तित्व के बहुत समृद्ध बनवलस। जीविका के तलाश में ऊ अलग-अलग जगह गइलें आ प्रवास के अनुभव कइलें। बाद में ई अनुभव उनका रचनात्मक जीवन के आधार बनल। समाज के गरीब, मजदूर, किसान, महिला आ प्रवासी लोग के जीवन से ऊ नजदीकी से परिचित रहलें। एह कारण से उनका साहित्य में बनावटीपन कम आ वास्तविक जीवन के चित्रण अधिक दिखाई देला। भिखारी ठाकुर के कला-जीवन के विकास में लोकनाट्य परंपरा के बहुत महत्वपूर्ण योगदान रहल। ऊ रामलीला, लोकगीत आ पारंपरिक नाच-गान से प्रभावित रहलें। बाद में अपना अनुभव आ प्रतिभा के आधार पर एगो विशिष्ट लोकनाट्य शैली के विकास कइलें, जेकरा ‘बिदेसिया’ शैली के नाम से व्यापक पहचान मिलल। उनका नाटक में गीत, संगीत, नृत्य, संवाद, हास्य आ भावनात्मक प्रसंग के सुंदर मेल मिलेला। मंचन के उनका शैली सरल रहे आ गाँव-गाँव के दर्शक ओकरा से आसानी से जुड़ जासु। एह लोकनाट्य के माध्यम से ऊ मनोरंजन के साथ-साथ सामाजिक जागरूकता के काम भी कइलें। उनकर सबसे प्रसिद्ध रचना ‘बिदेसिया’ ह। एह नाटक में रोजी-रोटी के खोज में गाँव छोड़ के शहर जाए वाला पुरुष आ ओकर पीछे गाँव में छूट गइल पत्नी के पीड़ा के चित्रण मिलेला। आर्थिक मजबूरी के चलते पति के परदेस जाए से
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