Question
भारत की जनजातियों में भूमि से बेदखली तथा ऋणग्रस्तता की समस्याओं का वर्णन कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 598
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Skip in 10
भारत की जनजातियाँ परंपरागत रूप से जल, जंगल और जमीन पर आधारित जीवन-यापन करती रही हैं। उनकी सामाजिक, आर्थिक और सांस्कृतिक व्यवस्था भूमि से गहरे रूप में जुड़ी हुई है। भूमि केवल उत्पादन का साधन नहीं, बल्कि उनकी पहचान, संस्कृति, धार्मिक आस्थाओं और सामुदायिक जीवन का आधार भी है। आधुनिक विकास परियोजनाओं, औद्योगीकरण, खनन, वनों के संरक्षण संबंधी नीतियों तथा बाजार अर्थव्यवस्था के विस्तार के कारण जनजातीय समुदायों को भूमि से बेदखली और ऋणग्रस्तता जैसी गंभीर समस्याओं का सामना करना पड़ा है। भूमि से बेदखली का प्रमुख कारण बड़े बाँध, खनन परियोजनाएँ, औद्योगिक प्रतिष्ठान, राष्ट्रीय उद्यान, वन्यजीव अभयारण्य तथा आधारभूत संरचना का विकास है। इन परियोजनाओं के लिए जनजातीय क्षेत्रों की भूमि का अधिग्रहण किया गया, जिससे लाखों जनजातीय परिवार विस्थापित हुए। अनेक मामलों में उन्हें उचित मुआवजा, पुनर्वास और वैकल्पिक आजीविका उपलब्ध नहीं हो सकी। परिणामस्वरूप वे
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