The influence of Russian literature on the Indian national movement is a significant yet often understated aspect of the intellectual and cultural currents that shaped modern India. Russian literature, particularly the works of authors like Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Maxim Gorky, and Anton Chekhov, reached India during the late 19th and early 20th centuries through translations, personal correspondences, and the circulation of ideas among Indian intellectuals. These works had a profound impact on Indian thinkers, reformers, and freedom fighters, influencing their perception of social justice, human dignity, and moral responsibility. One of the key figures in this cross-cultural interaction was Leo Tolstoy, whose philosophy of non-violence and Christian anarchism deeply resonated with Indian leaders. Tolstoy’s emphasis on the moral imperative to resist injustice without resorting to violence found a receptive audience in India, particularly with Mahatma