Question
भारतीय दर्शन में सत्कार्यवाद और असत्कार्यवाद क्या है? सविस्तार उल्लेख कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 851
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Skip in 10
भारतीय दर्शन में कार्य–कारण संबंध की समस्या अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण रही है, क्योंकि सृष्टि, परिवर्तन और उत्पत्ति के स्वरूप को समझने के लिए यह आवश्यक है कि यह जाना जाए कि जो वस्तु उत्पन्न होती है, वह पहले से किसी रूप में विद्यमान थी या नहीं। इसी प्रश्न के उत्तर में भारतीय दर्शन में दो प्रमुख सिद्धांत विकसित हुए—सत्कार्यवाद और असत्कार्यवाद। ये दोनों सिद्धांत सृष्टि मीमांसा तथा ज्ञान मीमांसा दोनों से गहरे रूप में जुड़े हैं, क्योंकि ये जगत की उत्पत्ति और वस्तुओं के ज्ञान की वैधता का आधार प्रस्तुत करते हैं। सत्कार्यवाद का शाब्दिक अर्थ है—कार्य का कारण में पूर्व से ही विद्यमान होना। इस सिद्धांत के अनुसार जो कार्य उत्पन्न होता है, वह पहले से ही अपने कारण में अव्यक्त या सूक्ष्म रूप में मौजूद रहता है और उत्पत्ति केवल उसके प्रकट होने की प्रक्रिया है। अर्थात् कार्य कोई बिल्कुल नई वस्तु नहीं है, बल्कि कारण का ही परिवर्तित रूप है। इस मत को मुख्यतः सांख्य, योग और वेदांत दर्शन में स्वीकार किया गया है। सांख्य दर्शन सत्कार्यवाद का प्रमुख प्रतिपादक है। सांख्य के अनुसार समस्त जगत प्रकृति
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