Rewrite the following sentences using a polite structure. Context/situation is given in brackets:
i Bring all documents to the office. (for the meeting)
ii I can’t come on time. (to the teacher)
iii Open the window. (to a stranger in the train).
iv Pass the salt. (to a guest)
v Gift wrap this for me. (to the shopkeeper)
vi Send me mail on this. (to a junior colleague at work)
vii Lend me your camera for a day. (to your friend)
viii Give me some notes on this topic. (to your teacher)
ix Buy me a drink. (to a colleague)
x What’s your name? (to a new colleague)

He has just completed six months as the guest of The State and is now released.

What is irony? How is it different from satire and paradox? Give appropriate examples to illustrate your answer.

What do you think is the speaker's attitude towards Amalkanti: full of pity, critical or

sympathetic? Why? Pick out the lines to support your answer.

Pick out the literary devices from the following sentences. Indicate what type they are
(simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, euphemism and metonymy): 10
i Blow, blow thou winter wind
Thou art not so unkind
As man’s ingratitude.
ii I will write a letter to his mother that will open her eyes as wide as a gate.
iii In supporting Mussolini she found she had backed the wrong horse.
iv The catch of herrings lay like a pool of quick-silver.
v The cynical indifference of the sea to the merits of human suffering and courage,
revolted me.
vi Screams of horror rent the very air.
vii He has just completed six months as the guest of The State and is now released.
viii Take out your Shakespeare.
ix Life is the greatest teacher of all.
x Kindly address your remarks to the Chair.

Replace the underlined words in the sentences by a phrasal verb from the box. You may
change the form of the phrasal verb, if need be. There is one extra phrasal verb.

i We really should reduce expenses if the play is to make a profit.
ii The actors will have to obey the director’s instructions faithfully.
iii Meera refused our offer to make her the star.
iv She had promised to act in the play, but she withdrew later.
v This was when she discovered that she had been cast as an alien from outer space.

Give the meaning of the following idioms:
i to beat a retreat
ii to stick to one’s guns
iii to steal a march on
iv to bare the brunt of
v to know which way the wind blows