Question
पंजाब (संघर्ष और प्रबंधन का घटनावार अध्ययन)
Answer :
Word Count : 470
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पंजाब का संघर्ष मुख्यतः 1970 और 1980 के दशक में उभरा, जिसकी जड़ें ऐतिहासिक, राजनीतिक, धार्मिक और आर्थिक असंतोष में थीं। 1947 के विभाजन के बाद पंजाब को भारी सामाजिक-आर्थिक क्षति उठानी पड़ी। भूमि सुधार, हरित क्रांति और औद्योगिक विकास के बावजूद जल बंटवारे, चंडीगढ़ की स्थिति और भाषाई पहचान जैसे मुद्दों पर केंद्र और राज्य के बीच तनाव बना रहा। 1973 में अकाली दल द्वारा प्रस्तुत आनंदपुर साहिब प्रस्ताव ने संघीय ढांचे, राज्य की स्वायत्तता और सिख पहचान से जुड़े प्रश्नों को राजनीतिक रूप से मुखर किया, जिसे केंद्र सरकार ने अलगाववादी झुकाव के रूप में देखा। 1978 के निरंकारी-सिख टकराव को संघर्ष का प्रारंभिक बिंदु माना जाता है, जिसके बाद हिंसा की घटनाओं में वृद्धि हुई।
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