Question
चोल काल के दौरान राज्य पर टिप्पणी कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 1188
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Skip in 10
चोल काल दक्षिण भारत के राजनीतिक इतिहास का एक महत्वपूर्ण चरण था। विशेष रूप से नौवीं से तेरहवीं शताब्दी के बीच चोलों ने दक्षिण भारत में एक शक्तिशाली और संगठित राज्य की स्थापना की। विजयालय चोल से चोल सत्ता का पुनरुत्थान हुआ और राजराज प्रथम तथा राजेंद्र प्रथम के शासन में चोल साम्राज्य अपनी शक्ति और विस्तार के चरम पर पहुँचा। चोल राज्य की विशेषता केवल विशाल साम्राज्य और शक्तिशाली सेना ही नहीं थी, बल्कि इसकी प्रशासनिक व्यवस्था, स्थानीय स्वशासन, राजस्व प्रणाली और ग्राम संस्थाओं का विकास भी था। इस प्रकार चोल काल में राज्य की राजनीतिक संरचना केंद्रीय सत्ता और स्थानीय संस्थाओं के संतुलन पर आधारित थी। चोल राज्य का सर्वोच्च अधिकारी राजा होता था। राजा को प्रशासन, न्याय, सेना और राजस्व का प्रमुख माना जाता था। राजराज प्रथम और राजेंद्र प्रथम जैसे शासकों ने अपनी सैन्य शक्ति और प्रशासनिक क्षमता के माध्यम से विशाल क्षेत्रों पर नियंत्रण स्थापित किया। राजा का पद सामान्यतः वंशानुगत था और राजपरिवार के सदस्यों को शासन में महत्वपूर्ण जिम्मेदारियाँ दी जाती थीं। राजा की सहायता के लिए अनेक अधिकारी और प्रशासनिक संस्थाएँ कार्य करती थीं। राजा महत्वपूर्ण राजनीतिक और सैन्य निर्णय स्वयं लेता था, लेकिन विस्तृत प्रशासन को संचालित करने के लिए अधिकारियों का एक संगठित तंत्र मौजूद था। चोल प्रशासन में साम्राज्य को विभिन्न प्रशासनिक इकाइयों में विभाजित किया गया था। सबसे बड़ी इकाई सामान्यतः मंडलम् कहलाती थी। मंडलम् के नीचे वलनाडु, नाडु और ग्राम जैसी छोटी प्रशासनिक इकाइयाँ थीं। इस प्रकार प्रशासन को कई स्तरों पर संगठित किया गया था।
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