Question

What is meant by isotopic peaks in mass spectrum? What is their importance?

08 Mar 2018
Answer :
Word Count : 589

Isotope peaks is the

Ιonic fragments of the same chemical formula are usually represented by multiple adjacent peaks attributable to ions of different isotopic compositions. The number of isotope peaks and the relative intensity of each peak depend on the chemical formula of the ionic fragment and the natural isotopic composition of its constituent elements. For example, the ion CH3+ consists of fragments with nominal mass ranging from 15 (for the "lighter" fragment 12C1H3+) up to 19 (for the "heavier" fragment 13C2H3+). The natural isotopic abundance percentage for C is 98.90% 12C - 1.10% 13C, and for H is 99.985% 1H - 0.015% 2H, therefore the more intense peak M=15 is attributed to the more abundant 12C1H3+. The next in intensity peak (much smaller than peak M) is M+1=16, which is attributed to both 13C1H3+ and 12C1H22H+, whereas the last peak M+4=19, attributed to 13C2H3+, has practically zero intensity because of the extremely low probability of occurrence of all heavy isotopes in the same ionic fragment.

How the relative intensities of mass peaks for the ionic fragment CH2Cl+ can be exactly (without approximations) calculated, taking into consideration the isotopic abundance for C, H and Cl (75.77% 35Cl - 24.23% 35Cl) is shown

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